Effects of Single and Mixture Probiotic Supplements on Growth, Digestive Activity, Antioxidative Status, Immune and Growth-Related Genes, and Stress Response of Juvenile Red Sea Bream (Pagrus Major)

A 50-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of single and mixed strains probiotic bacteria supplements on juvenile red sea bream (Pagrus major). The study investigated growth, digestibility, hemato-biochemistry, antioxidant, immune, growth gene expression stress responses P. major. Three hundred major ( 21.56 ± 0.09 g) were randomly distributed into fifteen 200-L polyethylene tanks (20 fish per tank) in triplicate 5 treatments designated as D1 = basal diet; Streptococcus faecalis (SF) id="M2"> T − 110 5 × 106 cfu/g diet Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (BA) id="M3"> TOA 5001 105 second group (D2) at 0.2%; mix SF id="M4"> 1 diet, Lactobacillus plantarum (LP) id="M5"> TO A 4 mesentericus (BM) id="M6"> 102 BA id="M7"> third (D3) 1%; id="M8"> LP id="M9"> BM id="M10"> fourth (D4) 0.5%; strain TOA5001 5×105 fifth (D5) 0.5% dietary proportion. Results showed that D2 D3 groups exhibit better performance, followed by D4, D5, control D1. This finding demonstrated use (D2, D3) had improved immune response, antioxidant enzymes, immunity (TNF-a, IL-1b), growth-related (IGF-1, IGF-2) mRNA compared Furthermore, D5 D4 also relatively than Considering overall performances, SF+BA SF+BM+LP+BA recommended potential supplement for may be useful other related aquatic species.